在 WPF 触摸应用中,插入触摸设备,即可在应用里面使用上插入的触摸设备。在 WPF 使用触摸设备的触摸时,需要获取到触摸设备的信息,才能实现触摸
获取触摸设备插入
在 WPF 中,通过 Windows 消息获取触摸设备插入事件,在 src\Microsoft.DotNet.Wpf\src\PresentationCore\System\Windows\Input\Stylus\Wisp\WispLogic.cs
的 HandleMessage 将获取 Windows 消息,代码如下
internal override void HandleMessage(WindowMessage msg, IntPtr wParam, IntPtr lParam) { switch (msg) { // 忽略代码 case WindowMessage.WM_TABLET_ADDED: OnTabletAdded((uint)NativeMethods.IntPtrToInt32(wParam)); break; case WindowMessage.WM_TABLET_DELETED: OnTabletRemovedImpl((uint)NativeMethods.IntPtrToInt32(wParam), isInternalCall: true); break; } }
在 WPF 框架,使用 WM_TABLET_ADDED 和 WM_TABLET_DELETED 消息获取设备的插入和删除事件
如上面代码,在设备插入时,将会调用 OnTabletAdded 方法。如 WM_TABLET_ADDED 官方文档描述,以上代码获取的参数是 Wisptis 的 Index 序号。这是因为用户可以插入多个触摸设备,通过传入序号可以拿到插入的设备
在 WPF 中,每次插入触摸设备,都会重新更新所有的触摸设备的信息,而不是只更新插入的设备。在 OnTabletAdded 方法里面,将会调用 GetDeviceCount 方法,在 GetDeviceCount 方法里面将通过 PenThread 的 WorkerGetTabletsInfo 更新所有触摸设备的信息,代码如下
private void OnTabletAdded(uint wisptisIndex) { lock (__penContextsLock) { WispTabletDeviceCollection tabletDeviceCollection = WispTabletDevices; // 忽略代码 // Update the last known device count. _lastKnownDeviceCount = GetDeviceCount(); uint tabletIndex = UInt32.MaxValue; // HandleTabletAdded returns true if we need to update contexts due to a change in tablet devices. if (tabletDeviceCollection.HandleTabletAdded(wisptisIndex, ref tabletIndex)) { // Update all contexts with this new tablet device. foreach (PenContexts contexts in __penContextsMap.Values) { contexts.AddContext(tabletIndex); } } } } private int GetDeviceCount() { PenThread penThread = null; // Get a PenThread by mimicking a subset of the code in TabletDeviceCollection.UpdateTablets(). TabletDeviceCollection tabletDeviceCollection = TabletDevices; if (tabletDeviceCollection != null && tabletDeviceCollection.Count > 0) { penThread = tabletDeviceCollection[0].As<WispTabletDevice>().PenThread; } if (penThread != null) { // Use the PenThread to get the full, unfiltered tablets info to see how many there are. TabletDeviceInfo[] tabletdevices = penThread.WorkerGetTabletsInfo(); return tabletdevices.Length; } else { // if there's no PenThread yet, return "unknown" return -1; }} // WPF 代码格式化就是这样
以上代码调用 WorkerGetTabletsInfo 方法实际的获取触摸信息逻辑是放在触摸线程,上面代码需要先获取触摸线程 PenThread 然后调用触摸线程类的 WorkerGetTabletsInfo 方法,在这个方法里面执行逻辑
触摸线程
在 WPF 触摸到事件 博客里面告诉大家,在 WPF 框架,为了让触摸的性能足够强,将触摸的获取放在独立的进程里面
在获取触摸信息时,也需要调度到触摸线程执行。在 WPF 中,通过 PenThread 类的相关方法可以调度到触摸线程
在调用 WorkerGetTabletsInfo 方法时,进入 WorkerGetTabletsInfo 方法依然是主线程,里面代码如下
internal TabletDeviceInfo[] WorkerGetTabletsInfo() { // Set data up for this call WorkerOperationGetTabletsInfo getTablets = new WorkerOperationGetTabletsInfo(); lock(_workerOperationLock) { _workerOperation.Add(getTablets); } // Kick thread to do this work. MS.Win32.Penimc.UnsafeNativeMethods.RaiseResetEvent(_pimcResetHandle.Value); // Wait for this work to be completed. getTablets.DoneEvent.WaitOne(); getTablets.DoneEvent.Close(); return getTablets.TabletDevicesInfo; }
实际上以上代码是放在 PenThreadWorker.cs 文件中,在 WPF 的触摸线程设计上,触摸线程是一个循环,将会等待 PenImc 层发送触摸消息,或者等待 _pimcResetHandle
锁被释放。如上面代码,先插入 WorkerOperationGetTabletsInfo 到 _workerOperation
列表中,然后调用 RaiseResetEvent 方法释放 _pimcResetHandle
对象。触摸线程将会因为 _pimcResetHandle
被释放而跳出循环,然后获取 _workerOperation
列表里面的项,进行执行逻辑
主线程将会在 getTablets.DoneEvent.WaitOne
方法里面进入锁,等待触摸线程执行 WorkerOperationGetTabletsInfo 完成之后释放这个锁,才能让主线程继续执行
触摸线程的循环逻辑代码大概如下
internal void ThreadProc() { Thread.CurrentThread.Name = "Stylus Input"; while (!__disposed) { // 忽略代码 WorkerOperation[] workerOps = null; lock(_workerOperationLock) { if (_workerOperation.Count > 0) { workerOps = _workerOperation.ToArray(); _workerOperation.Clear(); } } if (workerOps != null) { for (int j=0; j<workerOps.Length; j++) { workerOps[j].DoWork(); } workerOps = null; } // 这是第二层循环 while (true) { // 忽略代码 if (!MS.Win32.Penimc.UnsafeNativeMethods.GetPenEvent( _handles[0], _pimcResetHandle.Value, out evt, out stylusPointerId, out cPackets, out cbPacket, out pPackets)) { break; } } }
默认 WPF 的触摸线程都会在第二层循环,在 GetPenEvent 方法里面等待 PenImc 发送触摸消息或等待 _pimcResetHandle
释放。在跳出第二层循环,将会去获取 _workerOperation
的项,然后执行
WorkerOperation[] workerOps = null; lock(_workerOperationLock) { if (_workerOperation.Count > 0) { workerOps = _workerOperation.ToArray(); _workerOperation.Clear(); } } if (workerOps != null) { for (int j=0; j<workerOps.Length; j++) { workerOps[j].DoWork(); } workerOps = null; }
获取触摸信息
在调用 WorkerOperationGetTabletsInfo 的 DoWork 方法时,将会在触摸线程获取触摸设备信息
private class WorkerOperationGetTabletsInfo : WorkerOperation { internal TabletDeviceInfo[] TabletDevicesInfo { get { return _tabletDevicesInfo;} } ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// /// <summary> /// Returns the list of TabletDeviceInfo structs that contain information /// about all of the TabletDevices on the system. /// </summary> protected override void OnDoWork() { try { // create new collection of tablets MS.Win32.Penimc.IPimcManager3 pimcManager = MS.Win32.Penimc.UnsafeNativeMethods.PimcManager; uint cTablets; pimcManager.GetTabletCount(out cTablets); TabletDeviceInfo[] tablets = new TabletDeviceInfo[cTablets]; for ( uint iTablet = 0; iTablet < cTablets; iTablet++ ) { MS.Win32.Penimc.IPimcTablet3 pimcTablet; pimcManager.GetTablet(iTablet, out pimcTablet); tablets[iTablet] = PenThreadWorker.GetTabletInfoHelper(pimcTablet); } // Set result data and signal we are done. _tabletDevicesInfo = tablets; } catch (Exception e) when (PenThreadWorker.IsKnownException(e)) { Debug.WriteLine("WorkerOperationGetTabletsInfo.OnDoWork failed due to: {0}{1}", Environment.NewLine, e.ToString()); } } TabletDeviceInfo[] _tabletDevicesInfo = Array.Empty<TabletDeviceInfo>(); }
上面代码的 IPimcManager3 接口是一个 COM 接口,实际逻辑是在 PenImc 层进行定义,在 PenImcRcw.cs 引用,代码如下
[ ComImport, Guid(PimcConstants.IPimcManager3IID), InterfaceType(ComInterfaceType.InterfaceIsIUnknown) ] interface IPimcManager3 { void GetTabletCount(out UInt32 count); void GetTablet(UInt32 tablet, out IPimcTablet3 IPimcTablet); }
在 PenImc 层的 PenImc.idl 文件里面,定义了公开的接口
[ object, uuid(BD2C38C2-E064-41D0-A999-940F526219C2), nonextensible, helpstring("IPimcManager3 Interface"), pointer_default(unique)]interface IPimcManager3 : IUnknown { [helpstring("method GetTabletCount")] HRESULT GetTabletCount([out] ULONG* pcTablets); [helpstring("method GetTablet") ] HRESULT GetTablet([in] ULONG iTablet, [out] IPimcTablet3** ppTablet);};
在 WPF 中,在 C# 代码使用的不是最底层的方法,也就是 BD2C38C2-E064-41D0-A999-940F526219C2
组件只是 WPF 用的,而不是系统等给的接口
实际调用底层的代码是在 PenImc 层的 C++ 代码,但 PenImc 层的 C++ 代码只是一层转发调用而已,换句话说,如果使用 C# 调用底层的系统的组件也是完全可以的
如上面代码通过 GetTabletCount 方法获取当前的触摸设备,此方法是通过 COM 调用到在 PenImc.idl 文件定义的 GetTabletCount 获取的,实际定义的代码是 PimcManager.cpp 文件的 GetTabletCount 方法
STDMETHODIMP CPimcManager::GetTabletCount(__out ULONG* pcTablets){ DHR; ULONG cTablets = 0; LoadWisptis(); // Try to load wisptis via the surrogate object. // we will return 0 in the case that there is no stylus since mouse is not considered a stylus anymore if (m_fLoadedWisptis) { CHR(m_pMgrS->GetTabletCount(&cTablets)); } *pcTablets = cTablets; CLEANUP: RHR;}
以上代码里面用到了一些宏,如 DHR
的含义是定义 HRESULT 变量,代码如下
#define DHR \ HRESULT hr = S_OK;
而 CHR
表示的是判断 HRESULT 的值,如果失败了,将会调用 CLEANUP
标签的内容。在 CHR
里面用到 goto 的方法
#define CHR(hr_op) \ { \ hr = hr_op; \ if (FAILED(hr)) \ goto CLEANUP; \ }
上面代码的 RHR
表示的是返回 HRESULT 变量
#define RHR \ return hr;
因此以上代码实际就是如下代码
STDMETHODIMP CPimcManager::GetTabletCount(__out ULONG* pcTablets){ HRESULT hr = S_OK; ULONG cTablets = 0; LoadWisptis(); // Try to load wisptis via the surrogate object. // we will return 0 in the case that there is no stylus since mouse is not considered a stylus anymore if (m_fLoadedWisptis) { hr = m_pMgrS->GetTabletCount(&cTablets); if (FAILED(hr)) { goto CLEANUP; } } *pcTablets = cTablets; CLEANUP: return hr;}
通过上面代码可以看到,实际调用的是 m_pMgrS
的 GetTabletCount 方法,也就是如下代码定义的方法
MIDL_INTERFACE("764DE8AA-1867-47C1-8F6A-122445ABD89A") ITabletManager : public IUnknown { public: virtual /* [helpstring] */ HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetDefaultTablet( /* [out] */ __RPC__deref_out_opt ITablet **ppTablet) = 0; virtual /* [helpstring] */ HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetTabletCount( /* [out] */ __RPC__out ULONG *pcTablets) = 0; virtual /* [helpstring] */ HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetTablet( /* [in] */ ULONG iTablet, /* [out] */ __RPC__deref_out_opt ITablet **ppTablet) = 0; virtual /* [helpstring] */ HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetTabletContextById( /* [in] */ TABLET_CONTEXT_ID tcid, /* [out] */ __RPC__deref_out_opt ITabletContext **ppContext) = 0; virtual /* [helpstring] */ HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetCursorById( /* [in] */ CURSOR_ID cid, /* [out] */ __RPC__deref_out_opt ITabletCursor **ppCursor) = 0; };
可以看到这是一个 COM 接口调用,实际使用的就是系统提供的 ITabletManager 组件
在底层系统组件,先调用 ITabletManager 的 GetTabletCount 方法 获取触摸设备数量,然后遍历触摸设备序号拿到 ITablet 对象
在 C# 代码里面的逻辑如下
pimcManager.GetTabletCount(out cTablets); TabletDeviceInfo[] tablets = new TabletDeviceInfo[cTablets]; for ( uint iTablet = 0; iTablet < cTablets; iTablet++ ) { MS.Win32.Penimc.IPimcTablet3 pimcTablet; pimcManager.GetTablet(iTablet, out pimcTablet); tablets[iTablet] = PenThreadWorker.GetTabletInfoHelper(pimcTablet); }
这里的 pimcManager.GetTablet 方法将会调用到 PimcManager.cpp 的 GetTablet 方法
STDMETHODIMP CPimcManager::GetTablet(ULONG iTablet, __deref_out IPimcTablet3** ppTablet){ DHR; switch (iTablet) { case RELEASE_MANAGER_EXT: { CHR(m_managerLock.Unlock()); } break; default: { CHR(GetTabletImpl(iTablet, ppTablet)); } }CLEANUP: RHR;}STDMETHODIMP CPimcManager::GetTabletImpl(ULONG iTablet, __deref_out IPimcTablet3** ppTablet){ DHR; LoadWisptis(); // Make sure wisptis has been loaded! (Can happen when handling OnTabletAdded message) CComPtr<ITablet> pTabS; CComObject<CPimcTablet> * pTabC; // Can only call if we have real tablet hardware which means wisptis must be loaded! CHR(m_fLoadedWisptis ? S_OK : E_UNEXPECTED); CHR(CComObject<CPimcTablet>::CreateInstance(&pTabC)); CHR(pTabC->QueryInterface(IID_IPimcTablet3, (void**)ppTablet)); CHR(m_pMgrS->GetTablet(iTablet, &pTabS)); CHR(pTabC->Init(m_fLoadedWisptis?pTabS:NULL, this));CLEANUP: RHR;}
本质调用的是 m_pMgrS
的 GetTablet 方法,也就是系统提供的 ITabletManager 的 GetTablet 方法 获取 ITablet 接口。只是在 C++ 代码里面,将 ITablet 接口再做一层封装,返回给 C# 的是 IPimcTablet3 接口
接下来就是通过 PenThreadWorker 的 GetTabletInfoHelper 方法获取触摸信息
private static TabletDeviceInfo GetTabletInfoHelper(IPimcTablet3 pimcTablet) { TabletDeviceInfo tabletInfo = new TabletDeviceInfo(); tabletInfo.PimcTablet = new SecurityCriticalDataClass<IPimcTablet3>(pimcTablet); pimcTablet.GetKey(out tabletInfo.Id); pimcTablet.GetName(out tabletInfo.Name); pimcTablet.GetPlugAndPlayId(out tabletInfo.PlugAndPlayId); int iTabletWidth, iTabletHeight, iDisplayWidth, iDisplayHeight; pimcTablet.GetTabletAndDisplaySize(out iTabletWidth, out iTabletHeight, out iDisplayWidth, out iDisplayHeight); tabletInfo.SizeInfo = new TabletDeviceSizeInfo(new Size(iTabletWidth, iTabletHeight), new Size(iDisplayWidth, iDisplayHeight)); int caps; pimcTablet.GetHardwareCaps(out caps); tabletInfo.HardwareCapabilities = (TabletHardwareCapabilities)caps; int deviceType; pimcTablet.GetDeviceType(out deviceType); tabletInfo.DeviceType = (TabletDeviceType)(deviceType -1); // // REENTRANCY NOTE: Let a PenThread do this work to avoid reentrancy! // The IPimcTablet3 object is created in the pen thread. If we access it from the UI thread, // COM will set up message pumping which will cause reentrancy here. InitializeSupportedStylusPointProperties(pimcTablet, tabletInfo); tabletInfo.StylusDevicesInfo = GetStylusDevicesInfo(pimcTablet); // Obtain the WispTabletKey for future use in locking the WISP tablet. tabletInfo.WispTabletKey = MS.Win32.Penimc.UnsafeNativeMethods.QueryWispTabletKey(pimcTablet); // If the manager has not already been created and locked, we will lock it here. This is the first opportunity // we will have to lock the manager as it will have been created on the thread to instantiate the first tablet. MS.Win32.Penimc.UnsafeNativeMethods.SetWispManagerKey(pimcTablet); MS.Win32.Penimc.UnsafeNativeMethods.LockWispManager(); return tabletInfo; }
实际调用的就是 ITablet 接口 的方法
以上代码的 pimcTablet.GetKey
方法是在 C++ 层封装的,而不是系统提供的
STDMETHODIMP CPimcTablet::GetKey(__out INT * pKey){ DHR; CHR(pKey ? S_OK : E_INVALIDARG); *pKey = (INT)PtrToInt(m_pTabS.p);CLEANUP: RHR;} CComPtr<ITablet> m_pTabS;
在 WPF 框架,获取的方法本质就是通过 Tablet PC 系统组件获取
更多触摸请看 WPF 触摸相关
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在WPF触摸应用中,插入触摸设备,即可在应用里面使用上插入的触摸设备。在WPF使用触摸设备的触摸时,需要获取到触摸设备的信息,才能实现触摸在WPF触摸应用中,插入触摸设备,即可在应用里面使用上插入的触摸设备。在WPF使用触摸设备的触摸时,需要获取到触摸设备的信息,才能实现触摸获取触摸设备插入在WPF中,通过Windows消息获取触摸设备插入事件,在src\Microsoft.DotNet.Wpf\
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