asp.net 序列化方法
- 序列化又称串行化,是.NET运行时环境用来支持用户定义类型的流化的机制。其目的是以某种存储形成使自定义对象持久化,或者将这种对象从一个地方传输到另一个地方。
- .NET框架提供了两种串行化的方式:1、是使用BinaryFormatter进行串行化;2、使用SoapFormatter进行串行化;3、使用
- 可以使用[Serializable]属性将类标志为可序列化的。如果某个类的元素不想被序列化,1、2可以使用[NonSerialized]属性来标志,2、可以使用[
- 1、使用BinaryFormatter进行串行化
- 下面是一个可串行化的类:
- using System;
- using System.Data;
- using System.Configuration;
- using System.Web;
- using System.Web.Security;
- using System.Web.UI;
- using System.Web.UI.WebControls;
- using System.Web.UI.WebControls.WebParts;
- using System.Web.UI.HtmlControls;
- using System.IO;
- using System.Runtime.Serialization.Formatters.Binary;
- /**//// <summary>
- /// ClassToSerialize 的摘要说明
- /// </summary>
- [Serializable]
- publicclass ClassToSerialize
- {
- publicint id = 100;
- publicstring name = "Name";
- [NonSerialized]
- publicstring Sex = "男";
- }
- 下面是串行化和反串行化的方法:
- publicvoid SerializeNow()
- {
- ClassToSerialize c = new ClassToSerialize();
- FileStream fileStream = new FileStream("c://temp.dat", FileMode.Create);
- BinaryFormatter b = new BinaryFormatter();
- b.Serialize(fileStream, c);
- fileStream.Close();
- }
- publicvoid DeSerializeNow()
- {
- ClassToSerialize c = new ClassToSerialize();
- c.Sex = "kkkk";
- FileStream fileStream = new FileStream("c://temp.dat", FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read, FileShare.Read);
- BinaryFormatter b = new BinaryFormatter();
- c = b.Deserialize(fileStream) as ClassToSerialize;
- Response.Write(c.name);
- Response.Write(c.Sex);
- fileStream.Close();
- }
- 调用上述两个方法就可以看到串行化的结果:Sex属性因为被标志为[NonSerialized],故其值总是为null。
- 2、使用SoapFormatter进行串行化
- 和BinaryFormatter类似,我们只需要做一下简单修改即可:
- a.将using语句中的.Formatter.Binary改为.Formatter.Soap;
- b.将所有的BinaryFormatter替换为SoapFormatter.
- c.确保报存文件的扩展名为.
- 经过上面简单改动,即可实现SoapFormatter的串行化,这时候产生的文件就是一个
- 3、使用
- 关于格式化器还有一个问题,假设我们需要
- 如果我们不想使用主流的串行化机制,而想使用
- a.添加System.
- b.Serializable和NoSerialized属性将被忽略,而是使用
- c.
- 下面看示例:
- 要序列化的类:
- using System;
- using System.Data;
- using System.Configuration;
- using System.Web;
- using System.Web.Security;
- using System.Web.UI;
- using System.Web.UI.WebControls;
- using System.Web.UI.WebControls.WebParts;
- using System.Web.UI.HtmlControls;
- using System.
- [Serializable]
- publicclass Person
- {
- privatestring name;
- publicstring Name
- {
- get
- {
- return name;
- }
- set
- {
- name = value;
- }
- }
- publicstring Sex;
- publicint Age = 31;
- public Course[] Courses;
- public Person()
- {
- }
- public Person(string Name)
- {
- name = Name;
- Sex = "男";
- }
- }
- [Serializable]
- publicclass Course
- {
- publicstring Name;
- [
- publicstring Description;
- public Course()
- {
- }
- public Course(string name, string description)
- {
- Name = name;
- Description = description;
- }
- }
- 序列化和反序列化方法:
- publicvoid
- {
- Person c = new Person("cyj");
- c.Courses = new Course[2];
- c.Courses[0] = new Course("英语", "交流工具");
- c.Courses[1] = new Course("数学","自然科学");
- new typeof(Person));
- Stream stream = new FileStream("c://cyj.,FileMode.Create,FileAccess.Write,FileShare.Read);
- xs.Serialize(stream,c);
- stream.Close();
- }
- publicvoid
- {
- new typeof(Person));
- Stream stream = new FileStream("C://cyj.,FileMode.Open,FileAccess.Read,FileShare.Read);
- Person p = xs.Deserialize(stream) as Person;
- Response.Write(p.Name);
- Response.Write(p.Age.ToString());
- Response.Write(p.Courses[0].Name);
- Response.Write(p.Courses[0].Description);
- Response.Write(p.Courses[1].Name);
- Response.Write(p.Courses[1].Description);
- stream.Close();
- }
- 这里Course类的Description属性值将始终为null,生成的
- <?"1.0"?>
- <Person "http://www.w3.org/2001/ "http://www.w3.org/2001/>
- <Sex>男</Sex>
- <Age>31</Age>
- <Courses>
- <Course>
- <Name>英语</Name>
- <Description>交流工具</Description>
- </Course>
- <Course>
- <Name>数学</Name>
- <Description>自然科学</Description>
- </Course>
- </Courses>
- <Name>cyj</Name>
- </Person>
- 4、自定义序列化
- 如果你希望让用户对类进行串行化,但是对数据流的组织方式不完全满意,那么可以通过在自定义类中实现接口来自定义串行化行为。这个接口只有一个方法,GetObjectData. 这个方法用于将对类对象进行串行化所需要的数据填进SerializationInfo对象。你使用的格式化器将构造SerializationInfo对象,然后在串行化时调用GetObjectData. 如果类的父类也实现了ISerializable,那么应该调用GetObjectData的父类实现。
- 如果你实现了ISerializable,那么还必须提供一个具有特定原型的构造器,这个构造器的参数列表必须与GetObjectData相同。这个构造器应该被声明为私有的或受保护的,以防止粗心的开发人员直接使用它。
- 示例如下:
- 实现ISerializable的类:
- using System;
- using System.Data;
- using System.Configuration;
- using System.Web;
- using System.Web.Security;
- using System.Web.UI;
- using System.Web.UI.WebControls;
- using System.Web.UI.WebControls.WebParts;
- using System.Web.UI.HtmlControls;
- using System.Runtime.Serialization;
- using System.Runtime.Serialization.Formatters.Binary;
- /**//// <summary>
- /// Employee 的摘要说明
- /// </summary>
- [Serializable]
- publicclass Employee:ISerializable
- {
- publicint EmpId=100;
- publicstring EmpName="刘德华";
- [NonSerialized]
- publicstring NoSerialString = "NoSerialString-Test";
- public Employee()
- {
- //
- // TODO: 在此处添加构造函数逻辑
- //
- }
- private Employee(SerializationInfo info, StreamingContext ctxt)
- {
- EmpId = (int)info.GetValue("EmployeeId", typeof(int));
- EmpName = (String)info.GetValue("EmployeeName",typeof(string));
- //NoSerialString = (String)info.GetValue("EmployeeString",typeof(string));
- }
- publicvoid GetObjectData(SerializationInfo info, StreamingContext ctxt)
- {
- info.AddValue("EmployeeId", EmpId);
- info.AddValue("EmployeeName", EmpName);
- //info.AddValue("EmployeeString", NoSerialString);
- }
- }
- 序列化和反序列化方法:
- publicvoid OtherEmployeeClassTest()
- {
- Employee mp = new Employee();
- mp.EmpId = 10;
- mp.EmpName = "邱枫";
- mp.NoSerialString = "你好呀";
- Stream steam = File.Open("c://temp3.dat", FileMode.Create);
- BinaryFormatter bf = new BinaryFormatter();
- Response.Write("Writing Employee Info:");
- bf.Serialize(steam,mp);
- steam.Close();
- mp = null;
- //反序列化
- Stream steam2 = File.Open("c://temp3.dat", FileMode.Open);
- BinaryFormatter bf2 = new BinaryFormatter();
- Response.Write("Reading Employee Info:");
- Employee mp2 = (Employee)bf2.Deserialize(steam2);
- steam2.Close();
- Response.Write(mp2.EmpId);
- Response.Write(mp2.EmpName);
- Response.Write(mp2.NoSerialString);
- }
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